The term domus is very old : it goes back to an Indo-European etymology *( dom-) which indicated the family on two generations, and fires his its origin of the root dem-, to build. The domus is thus the Roman family house, the head of the family of which bears the name of dominus. Its archaic shape is known by funerary urns found in the necropolises of the old Forum Romain which had the shape of a hut rounded off in only room. The thorough vestiges of huts found on the Palatine Hill and dated the 8th century BC confirm this very modest plan. The Etruscan influence at the end of the period of the Roman monarchy sees being born the domus with a square structure, and several rooms. However the house remains rustic, as shown by the name of the house by the word hortus (garden of plants in Latin) used in the Law of Twelve Tables and translating the still narrow link between the house and its closed garden.
According to Roman tradition, the Law of the Twelve Tables was the legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. The Tables consolidated earlier traditions into an enduring set of laws.
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